Enforceability Of Put Option Clauses In Shareholders’ Agreements Under Indian Company Law
In Indian corporate transactions, especially involving private equity or venture capital investments, put option clauses have gained prominence as strategic tools that provide investors with defined exit rights. A put option allows a shareholder to sell their shares to a designated party—often promoters or the company—at a pre-determined price, irrespective of market conditions. While these […]
Vicarious Liability of Company Directors for Criminal Offences in India
Introduction The concept of vicarious liability—where one person is held liable for the acts of another—gains complexity in the corporate context. A company, being an artificial legal entity, functions through its directors and key managerial personnel. While corporate structures are designed to separate individual liability from company liability, Indian statutes often impose vicarious liability on […]
Legal Remedies for Minority Shareholders in Oppression and Mismanagement Cases
Minority shareholders often find themselves sidelined in decisions taken by the majority in closely held companies. While the Companies Act, 2013 upholds the principle of corporate democracy, it also protects minority shareholders from unjust, prejudicial, or oppressive actions. In this article, we explore the legal remedies available to such shareholders under Indian corporate law. Functioning […]
Vicarious Liability of Directors Under Specific Statutes: Challenging Cognizance Without Inquiry
Vicarious Liability of Directors Under Specific Statutes: Challenging Cognizance Without Inquiry In the dynamic corporate and regulatory environment of India, directors of companies often find themselves facing legal scrutiny for actions attributed to the company. The concept of vicarious liability of directors is rooted in the need to identify individuals responsible for acts committed by […]